At its first policy meeting of 2019, the U.S. Federal Reserve changed direction. After four rate increases in 2018, Chair Jerome Powell announced interest rates were on hold. Last week, banks in the United Kingdom, Australia, and India followed suit by either reducing rates or cautioning rate reductions were likely, reported Sam Fleming and Jamie Smyth of Financial Times.
The
dovish tone of central banks owes much to slowing global growth. January’s International Monetary Fund World Economic
Outlook lowered global growth estimates for 2019 and 2020. Changing
expectations were fueled both by factors that slowed momentum in the second
half of 2018 and by issues that pose a potential risk to continued economic
growth. These included:
·
The negative
effects of higher tariffs
·
New auto emission
standards in Germany
·
A slowdown in
domestic demand in Italy
·
Economic
contraction in Turkey
·
High levels of
public and private debt
·
Escalating trade
tensions
·
A no-deal British
exit from the European Union
·
A severe slowdown
in China
These
issues have had limited effect on the U.S. economy; however, global risks are
affecting the performance of some U.S. companies. Financial Times explained:
“The
U.S. domestic economy has continued to put in a robust performance, with the
number of new jobs in January coming in well ahead of Wall Street expectations
and wage growth running comfortably above inflation. But corporate giants in
the S&P 500 index, which generate over a third of their earnings overseas,
are sounding the alarm about faltering overseas demand in markets including
China, where the government has been battling against a slowdown. Smaller U.S.
firms are feeling the global chill as well.”
Randall
Forsyth at Barron’s reported major
U.S. benchmarks finished last week higher, while the yield on 10-year U.S.
Treasuries hit a 13-month low. Outside the United States, some global stock
markets moved lower.
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